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In a double-blind, randomized and placebo-controlled study Lactobacillus reuteri Gastrus, in combination with so called quadruple therapy, was shown to improve eradication rate of infections caused by the bacterium Helicobacter pylori. Further, supplementation of Lactobacillus reuteri Gastrus significantly reduced side-effects of the treatment.

This is the first clinical study in patients with H. pylori infection, treated with quadruple therapy and supplemented by Lactobacillus reuteri Gastrus. The study enrolled 100 patients, divided into four groups. All patients received quadruple therapy and in two of the groups Lactobacillus reuteri Gastrus was added.
Treatment success was defined as a cure rate of more than 95% and this was achieved in the group treated for 14 days and supplemented by Lactobacillus reuteri Gastrus.

The difference compared to the other groups was not statistically significant. However, all other groups had cure rates below 90%, which is regarded as treatment failure.
Supplementation of Lactobacillus reuteri Gastrus significantly reduced treatment-related side-effects; incidence of nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain, and bitter taste.